How early are our earliest memories?
“I’ve made up a new game to play,” I told Peter Abson in the school playground. “It’s called Gram Motherem.”
It was a bit like tig. If you were ‘it’ you had to chase others and catch them. When you caught someone you hugged them tight and rubbed the front of your body firmly up and down against them while repeating the words “Gram Motherem, Gram Motherem” over and over again. I showed him but he didn’t seem too keen on the idea. Wendy Godley wouldn’t let me show her at all. In fact, she hardly ever spoke to me again after I tried.
I tell you this at risk of being branded some kind of rampant six year-old pervert because I believe it tells us something about our earliest memories.
Psychologists claim we all suffer from infantile or childhood amnesia. They tell us we remember little from before the age of five and nothing from before the age of two. They say that our memories depend upon developing a sense of ‘self’, which only begins around the age of two when we start to respond to our own image in a mirror and use words such as I, me and you. According to the theory, we are unlikely to be able to remember anything before our ‘self’ emerges.
Yet there are people who do insist they have memories from before the age of two. In one study, one man remembered playing with his twin brother who died before that
age. But psychologists, whose job it is to doubt such anecdotal
claims, question whether such early memories are genuine. It is possible, they say, to experience imaginary memories based upon photographs or what we have been told. We can even have false memories of events and objects that never happened or existed. All these things have been shown to be possible.
Well, I favour the anecdotal evidence. My own early memories are so detailed I have no doubt we can go back before the age of five, and probably before the age of two as well.
I can tell you the names of our neighbours, and their neighbours,
in
our street of terraced houses where we lived until I was
six. I can tell you about the men’s hairdresser on the corner of the
cross street across the road. He had pieces of broken bottle glass cemented to the
top of his side wall to discourage people from climbing over into the
back yard. Clear and brown, green and blue, they glinted like multicoloured gemstones in the sunlight. The world was exciting so long as you were careful.
I can remember that our street had gas lamps. A man with a long pole used to come to turn them on at lighting-up time. Before we moved house they were
replaced by electric lights. Birds lined the high electricity cable
we could see from the back room window when my dad was getting ready for
work. “What time is it?” he would ask, and my mother would say “five
past eight” or “ten past eight”, which I would notice was different from
the day before.
Nettles and dandelions grew amongst
the untidy heaps of rubble in the
‘bomb buildings’ at the end of the street where a Methodist Church had
fallen in the war. At the other end of the street was a patch
of waste ground where we had bonfires on bonfire nights. Unruly older
boys used to shout excitedly as they threw penny bangers at each other and set off
jumping crackers to frighten the smaller children. The night before
bonfire night was ‘mischief night’, a more menacing forerunner of ‘trick
or treat’, when the same rowdy lads would run along the street knocking
on all the doors. Sometimes they roped the doors together so that as
one opened another slammed shut.
We had an attic where my dad nailed hardboard over the broken
banisters so I didn’t fall down the stairwell. We kept the artificial
Christmas tree up there through the year, and played with model ships
and our
Hornby ‘O’ gauge clockwork train set. My dad glued a ‘jetty’
firmly to the floorboards for the toy ships, and when we set out the toy
trains we always had a ‘Grandad Dunham’s siding’.
Downstairs,
my mother kept the ration book in the back room in a built-in cupboard
beside the chimney breast. Next to this was the wireless – a valve radio
with an illuminated panel of station names on the front. On Sunday
afternoons my dad used to run a brown fibre-covered cable through to a
loudspeaker in the front room to listen to Hancock’s Half Hour.
My mum preferred the Light Programme – the Beverley Sisters, Eve
Boswell and Alma Cogan.
I played in the garden in my
pedal car. It was red with white ‘V’ shaped stripes on the bonnet. I
remember my dad repainting them. It was a struggle to pedal up the
slight slope on to the lawn. “I’ve got to keep going in case a policeman
comes,” I used to tell myself, fearfully. When I pedalled out into the
back lane I was wary of the big family of boys who lived at the far end.
They all had the same mean podgy round faces and pug noses.
We
had an outside toilet where my dad used to hang a paraffin lamp underneath the
high cistern to stop it freezing up in winter. At the end of the garden,
next to the back lane, each house had an outhouse which I later learned
were originally built as pig sties. The next-door-but-one neighbour
extended his into a garage for his motorbike. His son pointed to the stack
of grey breeze blocks he was using and proudly boasted “My dad can lift
a ton of these.” Our own outhouse was the ‘wash house’. It had a
fireplace to heat water to pour into a ‘dolly tub’ to wash the clothes
with a ‘peggy stick’. Before we moved we bought a
square, cream-yellow Ada washing machine with a wringer on top.
 |
| On the lawn next to the wash house and back gate |
I can hear the sceptical psychologists questioning whether these memories really are genuine, no matter how vivid, and if so whether they are truly from before the age of five. Some I can date precisely. Hancock’s Half Hour started in 1954, but I was five and a half before it was broadcast on Sunday afternoons. I was still four when rationing ended. I don’t know when the gas lights were replaced but it should be possible to find out. My knowledge of the pig sties may betray a reconstructed memory – something I must have discussed more recently. Perhaps some of these memories are from the age of four but there is nothing to date them earlier. The psychologists are not convinced. I need to try harder.
What about the 2nd June, 1953, the coronation of Queen Elizabeth II, when I was three and a half? I can remember that too. At the time my mother used to take me each week by bus to my grandma’s. West Riding buses were green, but in the run up to the coronation they repainted at least one double-decker all over in red, white and blue triangles. It was in service like that for several weeks before and afterwards. I was always excited when we were lucky enough to catch it. “It’s the coronation bus,” I would shout as it approached. On coronation day itself there was a procession around the streets of our town, which I watched with my parents from the front bedroom window as it passed our house. ‘Our’ coronation bus was in the procession.
What about April, 1953, when my uncle left school aged fifteen? Until then he had his ‘dinner’ with us every Tuesday. My mother would give him the money to fetch fish and chips for the three of us from the fish shop in the next street. Or March, 1953, when my mother’s other brother died overseas in a tragic air force accident. I remember him at my grandma’s house, brushing his dark hair back from his distinctive wide forehead. That’s the best I can do – age three.
The psychologists still seem right. They would not dispute the memory of a few things from before the age of five. But what about even earlier impressions, not so clear? Could they disprove their theories?
When I was two I had whooping cough. This is a dangerous illness that lasts up to six weeks and involves severe coughing fits. I don’t remember the coughing at all, but I do remember having a coal fire in my bedroom to keep me warm, and the way the light from the flames flickered around the room. I remember lying drowsily in my cot and being half-woken and attacked by a ‘thing’ which undid my pyjama jacket and rubbed something on my chest. It happened regularly, and it was terrifying. The unmistakeable smell of Vicks Vaporub brings it back. One night, I exaggerated my breathing to seem deep asleep. It worked. When the ‘thing’ visited my room, it waited a short time then left without bothering me.
One afternoon I saw something like a white goose’s neck moving outside the bars of my cot. I screamed and my dad hurried to see what wrong. “There’s a chicken under my cot” I wailed.
“We don’t believe you,” say the psychologists. The bedroom fire images could be from a later time. The ‘chicken under the cot’ incident must have been told, retold and laughed about so many times I am remembering the story not the event.
But surely, private impressions of feelings, fears and subterfuges cannot be dismissed so easily. They are internal. They may have been revised and reconstructed through dreams, but they are still genuine. The Vicks Vaporub memory is a case in point. As is the ‘Gram Motherem’ notion I started with.
‘Gram Motherem’ began as an unpleasant, regularly recurring dream from the earliest times I remember, and continued into my twenties. I am in the back lane outside our gate where long, white flexible tubes hang like tendrils from the wall, like elephants’ trunks but more slender, or like chitterlings but bigger. They writhe like snakes. As I pass, the open ends reach out, twist around me and latch on by suction. They pull me inside diaphanous white layers of material and I can’t escape. They hold me tightly and rub the front of my body while repeating the words “Gram Motherem, Gram Motherem” over and over again.
For decades I had not the slightest inkling of what this strange dream could be, until one day it suddenly dawned on me, after which it went away. I feel sure it is a very early, residual, unclear and indistinct memory of breast feeding.
That would be a very early memory indeed. Perhaps we sometimes retain vague impressions from before the age of two, before we develop our sense of ‘self’. Or perhaps our ‘self’ begins to form sooner than psychologists think.
